pyboard 的快速参考

以下引脚分配适用于 PYBv1.1。您还可以查看其他版本的 pyboard 的引脚排列: PYBv1.0PYBLITEv1.0-ACPYBLITEv1.0.

PYBv1.1 pinout

下面是 pyboard 的快速参考。如果这是您第一次使用该板,请考虑先阅读以下部分:

通用板控制

pyb.

import pyb

pyb.repl_uart(pyb.UART(1, 9600)) # duplicate REPL on UART(1)
pyb.wfi() # pause CPU, waiting for interrupt
pyb.freq() # get CPU and bus frequencies
pyb.freq(60000000) # set CPU freq to 60MHz
pyb.stop() # stop CPU, waiting for external interrupt

延迟和计时

使用 time模块:

import time

time.sleep(1)           # sleep for 1 second
time.sleep_ms(500)      # sleep for 500 milliseconds
time.sleep_us(10)       # sleep for 10 microseconds
start = time.ticks_ms() # get value of millisecond counter
delta = time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), start) # compute time difference

内部 LED

pyb.LED.

from pyb import LED

led = LED(1) # 1=red, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=blue
led.toggle()
led.on()
led.off()

# LEDs 3 and 4 support PWM intensity (0-255)
LED(4).intensity()    # get intensity
LED(4).intensity(128) # set intensity to half

内部开关

请参阅 pyb.Switch.

from pyb import Switch

sw = Switch()
sw.value() # returns True or False
sw.callback(lambda: pyb.LED(1).toggle())

引脚和 GPIO

请参阅 pyb.Pin.

from pyb import Pin

p_out = Pin('X1', Pin.OUT_PP)
p_out.high()
p_out.low()

p_in = Pin('X2', Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
p_in.value() # get value, 0 or 1

伺服控制

请参阅pyb.Servo.

from pyb import Servo

s1 = Servo(1) # servo on position 1 (X1, VIN, GND)
s1.angle(45) # move to 45 degrees
s1.angle(-60, 1500) # move to -60 degrees in 1500ms
s1.speed(50) # for continuous rotation servos

外部中断

请参阅 pyb.ExtInt.

from pyb import Pin, ExtInt

callback = lambda e: print("intr")
ext = ExtInt(Pin('Y1'), ExtInt.IRQ_RISING, Pin.PULL_NONE, callback)

计时器

请参阅pyb.Timer.

from pyb import Timer

tim = Timer(1, freq=1000)
tim.counter() # get counter value
tim.freq(0.5) # 0.5 Hz
tim.callback(lambda t: pyb.LED(1).toggle())

RTC(实时时钟)

请参阅 pyb.RTC

from pyb import RTC

rtc = RTC()
rtc.datetime((2017, 8, 23, 1, 12, 48, 0, 0)) # set a specific date and time
rtc.datetime() # get date and time

PWM(脉宽调制)

请参阅pyb.Pinpyb.Timer.

from pyb import Pin, Timer

p = Pin('X1') # X1 has TIM2, CH1
tim = Timer(2, freq=1000)
ch = tim.channel(1, Timer.PWM, pin=p)
ch.pulse_width_percent(50)

ADC(模数转换)

请参阅pyb.Pinpyb.ADC.

from pyb import Pin, ADC

adc = ADC(Pin('X19'))
adc.read() # read value, 0-4095

DAC(数模转换)

请参阅pyb.Pinpyb.DAC.

from pyb import Pin, DAC

dac = DAC(Pin('X5'))
dac.write(120) # output between 0 and 255

UART(串行总线)

请参阅 pyb.UART.

from pyb import UART

uart = UART(1, 9600)
uart.write('hello')
uart.read(5) # read up to 5 bytes

SPI总线

请参阅 pyb.SPI.

from pyb import SPI

spi = SPI(1, SPI.MASTER, baudrate=200000, polarity=1, phase=0)
spi.send('hello')
spi.recv(5) # receive 5 bytes on the bus
spi.send_recv('hello') # send and receive 5 bytes

I2C总线

硬件 I2C 可通过I2C('X') 和用于 pyboard 的 X 和 Y 两半 I2C('Y')。或者,传入外围设备的整数标识符,例如I2C(1)。通过显式指定 sclsda 引脚而不是总线名称,也可以使用软件 I2C 。有关更多详细信息,请参阅 machine.I2C.

from machine import I2C

i2c = I2C('X', freq=400000)                 # create hardware I2c object
i2c = I2C(scl='X1', sda='X2', freq=100000)  # create software I2C object

i2c.scan()                          # returns list of slave addresses
i2c.writeto(0x42, 'hello')          # write 5 bytes to slave with address 0x42
i2c.readfrom(0x42, 5)               # read 5 bytes from slave

i2c.readfrom_mem(0x42, 0x10, 2)     # read 2 bytes from slave 0x42, slave memory 0x10
i2c.writeto_mem(0x42, 0x10, 'xy')   # write 2 bytes to slave 0x42, slave memory 0x10

注意:对于传统 I2C 支持,请参阅 pyb.I2C

I2S总线

参见 machine.I2S.

from machine import I2S, Pin

i2s = I2S(2, sck=Pin('Y6'), ws=Pin('Y5'), sd=Pin('Y8'), mode=I2S.TX, bits=16, format=I2S.STEREO, rate=44100, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.write(buf)             # write buffer of audio samples to I2S device

i2s = I2S(1, sck=Pin('X5'), ws=Pin('X6'), sd=Pin('Y4'), mode=I2S.RX, bits=16, format=I2S.MONO, rate=22050, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.readinto(buf)          # fill buffer with audio samples from I2S device

I2S 类目前作为技术预览版提供。在预览期间,鼓励用户提供反馈。基于此反馈,I2S 类 API 和实现可能会更改。

PYBv1.0/v1.1 有一个 I2S 总线,id=2。PYBD-SFxW 有两条 I2S 总线,id=1 和 id=2。I2S 与 SPI 共享。

CAN总线(控制器局域网)

参见 pyb.CAN.

from pyb import CAN

can = CAN(1, CAN.LOOPBACK)
can.setfilter(0, CAN.LIST16, 0, (123, 124, 125, 126))
can.send('message!', 123)   # send a message with id 123
can.recv(0)                 # receive message on FIFO 0

内部加速度计

参见pyb.Accel.

from pyb import Accel

accel = Accel()
print(accel.x(), accel.y(), accel.z(), accel.tilt())